The word “собрание” (meeting) is the subject in this sentence. Singular Forms Case Example of Russian Noun Declension English Equivalent Notes Nominative Собрание скоро начнётся. Use of Cases in Russian: Russian Declension ChartĮxamples always work better than theory, don’t they? Below, you will find two Russian declension charts with examples for use of the Russian cases in singular and plural, with the focus on Russian noun declension. It indicates the location, or where the action takes place. PrepositionalĪs the name suggests, the prepositional case is used after prepositions, most often after “о” (about), “в” (in), and “на” (at). The instrumental case indicates the means – or instrument – of the action, how the action is done. The accusative case shows the direct object, or the object of the action. The dative case marks the indirect object, or the receiver of the action. Equally importantly, this case is also often used in negated sentences. The nominative case shows the subject or the doer of the action, the predicate. Let’s now take a closer look at the basic functions of the Russian cases! Nominative So, this means that a word can have up to 12 case forms: six forms for singular and six forms for plural.ĭon’t start panicking – there are words that have similar forms in different cases or even one form for all of the cases. It’s worth noting that words have singular and plural case forms. For instance, the only variations of the word noun would be nouns, noun’s and nouns’.Ĭlearly, Russian declension is not that easy otherwise, you wouldn’t be reading this guide. Nouns are modified based on their number – singular or plural – and whether a word is in its plain or possessive form. However, unlike Old English, declension is very easy in Modern English. Declension in the World’s Languagesĭeclension occurs in many languages: for example, in language families like Quechuan (native to the Andes), Indo-European (e.g., German, Lithuanian, Latvian, Slavic, Sanskrit, Latin, Ancient, Modern Greek, and Kurdish), Bantu (e.g., Zulu, Kikuyu), Semitic (e.g., Modern Standard Arabic), Finno-Ugric (e.g., Hungarian, Finnish, Estonian), and Turkish.ĭoes English also use declension? Absolutely. Typically, word endings are used to build these word forms.ĭid you know that endings may be added to words, or that words may just change the ending? What’s more, changes in the word stem can also occur. How Does it Work?Īs mentioned above, cases are the forms of nouns, pronouns, adjectives, numerals, adverbs, and articles that represent their grammatical function in a sentence. To explain the term further, it’s a general linguistic practice, in which nouns, pronouns, adjectives, numerals, adverbs, and even articles are modified based on gender, number, and – sometimes, but not always – case. Needless to say, Russian and declension go hand in hand. We can’t possibly talk about declension without outlining the very basics – what it is and what this term means.ĭeclension (Russian “склонение”) is in use in many European languages. Read on for a comprehensive Russian declension survival guide that will tell you everything you need to know about how Russian declension works in theory and practice. What kind of sorcery is this? This is Russian declension, or the changing of word endings based on several different factors. Inflecting Russian nouns, pronouns, adjectives, and numerals can be a mystery, as asking the right question will decide how you should spell a word.
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